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During ice ages,the greatest exchange of mass is occurs between which climate system components?


A) lithosphere and hydrosphere
B) atmosphere and cryosphere
C) cryosphere and hydrosphere
D) biosphere and atmosphere

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Following recent large volcanic eruptions global temperatures have typically dropped by ______ °C.


A) 0.3
B) 1.3
C) 3
D) 30

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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How has the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere changed since the start of the Industrial Revolution?


A) levels have increased by 20 ppm
B) levels have increased by 40 ppm
C) levels have increased by 60 ppm
D) levels have increased by 90 ppm

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following carbon fluxes is the greatest?


A) air-sea gas exchange
B) photosynthesis and respiration
C) chemical weathering
D) volcanism

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a negative feedback within the climate system?


A) albedo
B) radiation
C) water vapor
D) none of the above (all are positive feedbacks)

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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As the Gulf Stream flows north it becomes more saline.Why is that?


A) Rivers in the North Atlantic are more saline.
B) The Gulf Stream evaporates,leaving saltier water behind.
C) Evaporation removes fresh water from the surface water while little enters via rivers.
D) The Greenland ice sucks up fresh water from the current leaving it saltier.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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How have levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere changed since the start of the Industrial Revolution?


A) They have increased slightly.
B) They have decreased significantly.
C) The have remained constant.
D) They have increased at a growing rate.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following processes removes carbon from the atmosphere?


A) photosynthesis
B) respiration
C) volcanism
D) all of the above

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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How often do El Niño events occur?


A) roughly every 5 years
B) roughly every 20 years
C) roughly every 100 years
D) roughly every 400 years

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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