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(Advanced analysis) The demand for commodity X is represented by the equation P = 10 - 0.2Q and supply by the equation P = 2 + 0.2Q. The equilibrium price for X is


A) $2.
B) $4.
C) $6.
D) $7.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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If a price ceiling is set below the equilibrium price in a market,


A) rationing will be unnecessary.
B) surpluses of the commodity will develop.
C) the quantity demanded will exceed the quantity supplied.
D) the quantity supplied will exceed the quantity demanded.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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If farmers withhold some of their current corn harvest from the market because they anticipate a higher price of corn in the near future, then this would cause a(n)


A) rightward shift in the current supply of corn.
B) movement up along the current supply curve of corn.
C) leftward shift in the current supply of corn.
D) movement down along the current supply curve of corn.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The figure below shows three demand curves for coffee. The figure below shows three demand curves for coffee.   An increase in the price of coffee, other factors constant, would cause a A)  shift from D1 to D3. B)  shift from D1 to D2. C)  movement from point a to point b. D)  movement from point b to point a. An increase in the price of coffee, other factors constant, would cause a


A) shift from D1 to D3.
B) shift from D1 to D2.
C) movement from point a to point b.
D) movement from point b to point a.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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A news story states that "DVDs lose their appeal as consumers switch to online streaming for movies." In a competitive market for DVDs, this situation would lead to a(n)


A) increase in the price and the quantity sold of DVDs.
B) decrease in the price and the quantity sold of DVDs.
C) increase in the price and a decrease in the quantity sold of DVDs.
D) decrease in the price and an increase in the quantity sold of DVDs.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In the following question you are asked to determine, other things equal, the effects of a given change in a determinant of demand or supply for product X upon (1) the demand (D) for, or supply (S) Of, X; (2) the equilibrium price (P) of X; and (3) the equilibrium quantity (Q) of X. Consumer expectations that the price of X will rise sharply in the future will


A) increase S, increase P, and increase Q.
B) increase D, increase P, and increase Q.
C) decrease S, increase P, and increase Q.
D) increase D, decrease P, and increase Q.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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An improvement in production technology will


A) increase equilibrium price.
B) shift the supply curve to the left.
C) shift the supply curve to the right.
D) shift the demand curve to the left.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Two months ago, the Maryville Shirt company sold 2,000 shirts at $30 per shirt. Last month the company raised its price to $35 per shirt and sold 3,000 shirts. Evidently the company experienced A(n)


A) decrease in demand.
B) increase in demand.
C) decrease in supply.
D) increase in supply.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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 Price Per Unit  Quantity Demanded Per Year  Quantity Supplied Per Year $52,0000101,800300151,600600201,400900251,2001,200301,0001,500\begin{array} { | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Price Per Unit } & \text { Quantity Demanded Per Year } & \text { Quantity Supplied Per Year } \\\hline \$ 5 & 2,000 & 0 \\\hline 10 & 1,800 & 300 \\\hline 15 & 1,600 & 600 \\\hline 20 & 1,400 & 900 \\\hline 25 & 1,200 & 1,200 \\\hline 30 & 1,000 & 1,500 \\\hline\end{array} Refer to the above table. At a price of $15 per unit, which of the following would exist?


A) a shortage of 1,600 units
B) a surplus of 1,000 units
C) a shortage of 1,000 units
D) a surplus of 600 units

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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(Consider This) Suppose that salsa manufacturers sell 2 million bottles at $3.50 in one year and 3 million bottles at $3 in the next year. Based on this information, we can conclude that the


A) law of supply has been violated.
B) law of demand has been violated.
C) demand for salsa has increased.
D) supply of salsa has increased.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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  Refer to the above diagram illustrating the market for corn. If the price in this market is fixed at $2 per bushel, then A)  sellers will not be able to sell all the corn that they intended to sell. B)  sellers will quickly run out of corn that they bring to market. C)  buyers will find too much corn in the market. D)  buyers will be able to get as much corn as they wish to buy. Refer to the above diagram illustrating the market for corn. If the price in this market is fixed at $2 per bushel, then


A) sellers will not be able to sell all the corn that they intended to sell.
B) sellers will quickly run out of corn that they bring to market.
C) buyers will find too much corn in the market.
D) buyers will be able to get as much corn as they wish to buy.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Suppose that goods A and B are close substitutes. If the price of good A falls, then we would expect an


A) increase in the demand for A and an increase in the quantity of B demanded.
B) increase in the demand for A and a decrease in the quantity of B demanded.
C) increase in the quantity of A demanded and a decrease in the demand for B.
D) increase in the demand for good A as well as for good B.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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When the price of a product increases, a consumer is able to buy less of it with a given money income. This describes the


A) cost effect.
B) inflationary effect.
C) income effect.
D) substitution effect.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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If a legal ceiling price is set above the equilibrium price,


A) a shortage of the product will occur.
B) a surplus of the product will occur.
C) a black market will evolve.
D) neither the equilibrium price nor the equilibrium quantity will be affected.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which would best explain a decrease in both the price and the quantity of a product over a period of time?


A) a decrease in people's incomes, and the product is an inferior good
B) a long strike by workers who make the product
C) a decrease in the price of a substitute good
D) a technological improvement in production methods

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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An inferior good is


A) one whose demand curve will shift rightward as incomes rise.
B) one whose price and quantity demanded vary directly.
C) one that has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
D) not accurately defined by any of these statements.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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(Advanced analysis) The equation for the supply curve in the diagram shown is approximately (Advanced analysis)  The equation for the supply curve in the diagram shown is approximately   A)  P = 4 + 0.3Q. B)  P = 4 + 2Q. C)  P = 4 + 0.5Q. D)  P = 4 - 3Q.


A) P = 4 + 0.3Q.
B) P = 4 + 2Q.
C) P = 4 + 0.5Q.
D) P = 4 - 3Q.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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  Refer to the above diagram of the market for corn. If the price in this market is at $4 per bushel, then there will be a A)  surplus and the price will tend to rise. B)  shortage and the price will tend to rise. C)  surplus and the price will tend to fall. D)  shortage and the price will tend to fall. Refer to the above diagram of the market for corn. If the price in this market is at $4 per bushel, then there will be a


A) surplus and the price will tend to rise.
B) shortage and the price will tend to rise.
C) surplus and the price will tend to fall.
D) shortage and the price will tend to fall.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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  Refer to the figure above, which shows three supply curves for corn. Which of the following would cause the supply of corn to shift from S1 to S2? A)  an increase in the price of fertilizer B)  a change in consumer tastes away from cornbread C)  a decrease in consumer incomes, assuming corn is a normal good D)  the development of a more effective insecticide against corn rootworm Refer to the figure above, which shows three supply curves for corn. Which of the following would cause the supply of corn to shift from S1 to S2?


A) an increase in the price of fertilizer
B) a change in consumer tastes away from cornbread
C) a decrease in consumer incomes, assuming corn is a normal good
D) the development of a more effective insecticide against corn rootworm

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Allocative efficiency is concerned with


A) producing the combination of goods most desired by society.
B) achieving the full employment of all available resources.
C) producing every good with the least-cost combination of inputs.
D) reducing the concavity of the production possibilities curve.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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