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Exam 17: Religion: Ritual and Belief

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Question 1

True/False

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Judaism, Christianity, and Islam became state religions, whose religious message and ritual supported the government of the state.

A) True
B) False

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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In some Pentecostal and charismatic Christian religions adherents experience an ecstatic religious happening (often associated with shamanism) , which is known as

A) Praying
B) speaking in tongues
C) Pilgrimage
D) meditation

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 3

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__________ is a symbolic system that is socially enacted through rituals and other aspects of social life.

If you were working with administrators at your school to encourage college students to feel more connected to the academic goals of your college or university, what kind of ritual would you propose that might enhance the feeling of belonging?

The earliest anthropologist to compare religious and spiritual beliefs around the world was E. B. Tylor. For him the heart of religious beliefs was the belief in

A rise in fundamentalism is often seen when

__________ the system of thought that associates particular social groups with specific animal or plant species.

Nearly all the ancient societies in the Middle East and the Mediterranean were monotheistic.

If religious beliefs and practices are as diverse as they have been presented in this chapter, what is the justification for calling all of them religious beliefs and practices?

What ideas and theories discussed in this chapter can help us understand why people feel so strongly about their views on abortion, same-sex marriage, and the death penalty in America over the past forty years?

For early anthropologists, "primitive" religions were based mumbo jumbo and their adherents' limited intellectual capacity.

Most anthropologists currently see the traditional religions of small-scale tribal societies as "primitive," based on ideas not linked to reality.

Geertz's approach to religion is a style of analysis that looks at the underlying symbolic and cultural interconnections within a society; this is often referred to as

What is a life cycle ritual that marks a person's or group of persons' transition from one social state to another?

Shamans usually act simultaneously as political leaders and healers in their communities.

A common element among fundamentalists is

Buddhism is neither monotheistic nor polytheistic.

If you wanted to understand how state rituals reinforce support for the nation and its government, what method would you use to study state funerals?

Beliefs get most of their power from being socially enacted repeatedly through rituals and other religious behaviors.

Why do fundamentalists often use the language of "returning" to "traditional values" in their ideologies and rituals?