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The small number of Americans who have well-informed and well-reasoned opinions is known as


A) elites.
B) masses.
C) politicos.
D) partisans.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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One tool in which candidates assemble small groups of individuals for a directed conversation in which they hope to uncover patterns of thinking about issues and individuals is the ______.


A) focus group
B) political survey
C) self-selected opinion poll
D) random sampling

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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In order to obtain a random yet representative sample with minimal cost, many pollsters use which of the following tools?


A) self-selected listener opinion polling
B) straw polls
C) exit polls
D) random-digit dialing

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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D

A system through which citizens communicate with their elected officials through phone calls, emails, or personal visits would best be described as


A) census taking.
B) indirect communication.
C) constituent polling.
D) direct communication.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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D

Question order is important in survey construction because


A) the sequencing of questions can influence answers.
B) the construction of question types influences survey outcome.
C) some questions are easier to understand than others.
D) more salient questions should be placed at the end of the survey.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Studies have demonstrated that the phenomenon of political polarization has not been observed in American politics.

A) True
B) False

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The strength of individual involvement and preference is defined as


A) direction.
B) intensity.
C) stability.
D) salience.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A sociologist at George Washington University pointed out that one incident on its own might not move American public opinion, but a(n) ______ of these incidents might certainly shift public opinion.


A) critical mass
B) small number
C) isolated few
D) rising number

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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The phenomenon in which "individual voters are unable to satisfy the requirements of a democratic system but the system of democracy meets certain requirements for a going political organization" is called the


A) collective system of individual and aggregate beliefs.
B) systems theory of organizational political information.
C) paradox of individual capabilities and systems capability.
D) individual theory of political beliefs and attitudes.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Individual political opinions are considered set in stone at an early age.

A) True
B) False

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Inherent in the minimalist critique is the idea that


A) Americans lack any relevant amount of political information.
B) not all Americans have the same amount of political information.
C) all Americans have equal access to and knowledge of political information.
D) political information contains no value and is irrelevant to the political process.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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B

On August 9, 2015, demonstrators in Ferguson, Missouri, rallied to the slogan


A) "Hands up, don't shoot."
B) "Black lives matter."
C) "All lives matter."
D) "Police brutality."

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The degree of change over time in response to differently worded survey questions or in different contexts of a particular opinion is defined as


A) direction.
B) intensity.
C) stability.
D) salience.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The authors of What Americans Know About Politics and Why It Matters found that with regard to political knowledge, it was


A) highly equitable.
B) unequally distributed.
C) solely in the hands of the elite.
D) significantly inaccurate and biased.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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In their 1960 study, The American Voter, researchers, using large sample survey technology, made the observation that


A) young citizens tend to be underinvolved in politics, while older citizens tend to be highly involved.
B) most citizens are highly involved in political activities.
C) American citizens are no more or less involved in politics than citizens of other countries.
D) the average citizen is very much less involved in politics than is imagined.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following national organizations got their start with the protests in Ferguson, Missouri?


A) Black Lives Matter
B) MoveOnDotOrg
C) Carry That Weight
D) The Peterson Project

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The main problem with scientific polling is one of


A) administration.
B) construction.
C) sampling.

D) All of the above
E) A) and B)

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A polling company wishes to administer a scientific random poll of individuals across the country.In order to truly get a computer-generated random sample, what type of survey should it conduct?

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random-dig...

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One of the most interesting and important debates about American public opinion is


A) the value of public opinion in governmental decisions.
B) whether public opinion actually exists.
C) the validity of public opinion in political races.
D) how to accurately measure public opinion among young adults.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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In their 1996 book What Americans Know About Politics and Why It Matters, two researchers came to the finding that


A) civic knowledge had a high degree of correlation to successful political efficacy.
B) knowledge of American government had no impact on the behavior of political candidates.
C) political knowledge was consistently high among all groups involved in the survey.
D) a significant percentage of Americans were unable to answer basic questions about American government.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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