Question 1

In a normal person at rest,the part of the respiratory cycle in which no air is flowing through the airways and the respiratory muscles are relaxed is at the end of inhalation/inspiration,prior to exhalation/expiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

You (a healthy individual) are swimming underwater when you can no longer resist the urge to breathe.This overwhelming urge is probably due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the autorhymthic cells in your diaphragm contracting.
B)  the decrease in O₂ available to the cells of the body.
C)  the increase in plasma H⁺.
D)  the increase in pH has made your blood dangerously alkaline.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes a reaction that combines which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  H₂O and O₂
B)  H₂O and CO₂
C)  H₂O and CO
D)  H⁺ and HCO₃⁻
E)  CO₂ and O₂F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

After CO₂ is produced by tissues,in what form is most of that carbon transported to the lungs for removal from the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  As dissolved CO₂
B)  Bound to hemoglobin
C)  As H₂CO₃
D)  As dissolved HCO₃⁻
E)  As carbonic anhydraseF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Maria is a patient in the ward who was recently in a motor vehicle accident.Her injuries are causing her a lot of pain,and as a consequence to the morphine she's been given,her respiratory rate is quite low.Which of the following is likely to be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pH of her blood has increased.
B)  The level of O₂ in her blood has increased.
C)  The level of H⁺ ions in her blood has increased.
D)  The alveolar CO₂ has decreased to near atmospheric levels.
E)  The alveolar O₂ level has increased toward atmospheric levels.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

The total dead space in the lungs includes anatomic dead space and any portion of the alveoli that has little or no blood supply.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The diaphragm is a large sheet of smooth muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The rhythmic contractions and relaxations of the inspiratory muscles are dependent upon spontaneous depolarizations of the diaphragm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A clinical sign of obstructive lung disease would be a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio,where "FVC" is "forced" VC.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Drug X is a new drug to treat Alzheimer's Disease.This drug is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and circulate in the CSF.The drug is slightly acidic and at the recommended dose it decreases the CSF pH from 7.4 to 7.3.Will Drug X have any effect on respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will cause an increase in respiratory rate.
B)  It will cause a decrease in respiratory rate.
C)  It will have no effect on respiratory rate,but will cause an increase in depth of breathing.
D)  It will have no effect on respiratory rate,but will cause the patient to take shallower breaths.
E)  It will not impact respiratory function.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Which of the following conditions would result in a systemic arterial PO₂ lower than is typical of a healthy person at sea level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traveling to high altitude
B)  Breathing 100% oxygen
C)  Having iron-deficiency anemia
D)  Breathing regular air in a hyperbaric chamber (higher that normal atmospheric pressure) 
E)  Maintaining alveolar ventilation constant while decreasing metabolic rateF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Action potentials in neurons in the inspiratory center of the medulla oblongata result in action potentials in the ________ nerves to the diaphragm,which in turn cause ________ of the muscle,resulting in a/an ________ in the volume of the thoracic cage.

Accepted Answer

A)  motor;contraction;decrease
B)  parasympathetic;contraction;decrease
C)  sympathetic;contraction;increase
D)  motor;contraction;increase
E)  sympathetic;relaxation;increaseF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 13

During a physical examination,Joe learns that his resting tidal volume is 550 mL;his average resting respiratory rate is 15 breaths per minute;his total lung capacity is 6,000 mL;and his anatomic dead space is 150 mL.Joe's resting alveolar ventilation is

Accepted Answer

A)  72.0 L/min.
B)  6.0 L/min.
C)  4.2 L/min.
D)  1.8 L/min.
E)  0.5 L/min.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

Which of these would tend to increase ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lower than normal arterial PCO₂
B)  Higher than normal arterial pH
C)  Breathing carbon monoxide
D)  Breathing air with increased PCO₂
E)  Iron-deficiency anemiaF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

You embark on a hiking trip on Mt.Kilimanjaro (altitude = 19,000 ft;Atmospheric air pressure = 379 mmHg) .mHg) .As you ascend,what are you likely to notice about your breathing?

Accepted Answer

A)  You need to work to exhale,using your muscles to decrease your thoracic size beyond what is normal
B)  You need to work harder to inhale,expanding your thoracic size beyond what is normal
C)  Both would happen
D)  Neither would happenE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

An individual with emphysema will have a lower tidal volume than an individual of the same size without emphysema.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Of the CO₂ returning from the tissues in venous blood,more is dissolved in plasma as CO₂ than is bound to hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Regarding the relationships between the rates of oxygen consumption/carbon dioxide production and alveolar ventilation,which of these statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased ventilation without a similar increase in metabolism is called hypoventilation.
B)  In hypoventilation,alveolar PCO₂ decreases below resting levels.
C)  In hyperventilation,alveolar PCO₂ can decrease to zero.
D)  A decrease in metabolism without a similar decrease in alveolar ventilation would result in hyperventilation.
E)  An increase in ventilation with a matching increase in metabolism is called hyperventilation.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

During a yoga class you take a deep breath,then relax and let the breath out slowly.During that exhalation,which would NOT be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.
B)  Intrapleural pressure is greater than alveolar pressure.
C)  Intrapleural pressure becomes less negative.
D)  The diaphragm relaxes.
E)  Lung volume decreases.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

One cause of hypoxic hypoxia in disease is diffusion impairment of O₂ resulting from decreased alveolar surface area.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Respiratory Physiology

The diaphragm is a large sheet of smooth muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During a yoga class you take a deep breath,then relax and let the breath out slowly.During that exhalation,which would NOT be true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditions would result in a systemic arterial PO₂ lower than is typical of a healthy person at sea level?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One cause of hypoxic hypoxia in disease is diffusion impairment of O₂ resulting from decreased alveolar surface area.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During a physical examination,Joe learns that his resting tidal volume is 550 mL;his average resting respiratory rate is 15 breaths per minute;his total lung capacity is 6,000 mL;and his anatomic dead space is 150 mL.Joe's resting alveolar ventilation is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a normal person at rest,the part of the respiratory cycle in which no air is flowing through the airways and the respiratory muscles are relaxed is at the end of inhalation/inspiration,prior to exhalation/expiration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the relationships between the rates of oxygen consumption/carbon dioxide production and alveolar ventilation,which of these statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total dead space in the lungs includes anatomic dead space and any portion of the alveoli that has little or no blood supply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rhythmic contractions and relaxations of the inspiratory muscles are dependent upon spontaneous depolarizations of the diaphragm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After CO₂ is produced by tissues,in what form is most of that carbon transported to the lungs for removal from the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Action potentials in neurons in the inspiratory center of the medulla oblongata result in action potentials in the ________ nerves to the diaphragm,which in turn cause ________ of the muscle,resulting in a/an ________ in the volume of the thoracic cage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes a reaction that combines which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You embark on a hiking trip on Mt.Kilimanjaro (altitude = 19,000 ft;Atmospheric air pressure = 379 mmHg) .mHg) .As you ascend,what are you likely to notice about your breathing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You (a healthy individual) are swimming underwater when you can no longer resist the urge to breathe.This overwhelming urge is probably due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual with emphysema will have a lower tidal volume than an individual of the same size without emphysema.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drug X is a new drug to treat Alzheimer's Disease.This drug is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and circulate in the CSF.The drug is slightly acidic and at the recommended dose it decreases the CSF pH from 7.4 to 7.3.Will Drug X have any effect on respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the CO₂ returning from the tissues in venous blood,more is dissolved in plasma as CO₂ than is bound to hemoglobin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these would tend to increase ventilation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clinical sign of obstructive lung disease would be a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio,where "FVC" is "forced" VC.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maria is a patient in the ward who was recently in a motor vehicle accident.Her injuries are causing her a lot of pain,and as a consequence to the morphine she's been given,her respiratory rate is quite low.Which of the following is likely to be TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Action potentials in neurons in the inspiratory center of the medulla oblongata result in action potentials in the nerves to the diaphragm,which in turn cause of the muscle,resulting in a/an in the volume of the thoracic cage.

Correct Answer
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