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A subculture can include all of the following categories of citizens EXCEPT


A) students.
B) political parties.
C) exceptionalities.
D) sexual orientations.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Interpretive Exercise Michael,a nine year-old fourth grader,has been referred for special education testing.According to his teacher,Michael has difficulty following directions in class and seldom completes his assignments on time.Michael's parents,who speak only Spanish at home,request that Michael be tested in Spanish.The psychologist,however,says that testing should be done in English because that is the language spoken in school.When the tests reveal that Michael is significantly behind the national norm for 4th graders in cognitive and academic development,school personnel recommend a special education placement.Michael's parents are perplexed.At home,Michael seems like any other nine year-old.He makes friends easily and can be trusted to operate the cash register in the small grocery store that his grandparents own. -Michael's level of functioning in school is below-average in comparison to which reference group?


A) national group
B) subculture
C) ethnic group
D) microculture

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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When identifying students in need of special education,professionals must make sure the student is not mistakenly identified as the source of the learning problem.A recommended strategy for this purpose is to


A) eliminate use of standardized tests.
B) avoid use of curriculum-based assessment.
C) include assessment of the instructional environment.
D) increase reliance on objectively scored,standardized tests.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The two primary objectives of multicultural special education are


A) promoting understanding of exceptionality as a microculture and ensuring that exceptionality is included in the multicultural curriculum.
B) ensuring that ethnicity is not mistaken for exceptionality and increasing understanding of exceptionality as a microculture.
C) increasing visibility of people with exceptionalities in the macroculture and promoting acceptance of people with exceptionality by the majority culture.
D) enabling students from culturally diverse backgrounds to succeed in the mainstream and lobbying for services in multicultural educational programs.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Each of the following statements is true EXCEPT


A) Students need to engage in extended conversations with complex linguistic structures.
B) Too often students are asked for rote responses.
C) The content of instruction must be related to students' experiences.
D) The issue of cultural diversity should be included routinely in all curriculum areas.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Describe three reasons why cultural diversity is a concern for special educators.

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It presents particular challenges in ass...

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Which one of the following best describes assessment of the instructional environment?


A) examination to determine the adequacy of classroom space and layout
B) investigation of what is being taught and how it is being taught
C) assessment of academic achievement
D) testing using actual instructional materials

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Individuals have to be born into a culture - they can't choose one.

A) True
B) False

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Tactics that aid memory,such as rhymes or images,are called


A) scaffolds.
B) mnemonics.
C) visual organizers.
D) reminders.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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An approach to teaching language-minority students in which students are taught for most of the day in their native languages and later make the transition to English is


A) native-language emphasis.
B) sheltered-English approach.
C) ESL.
D) sheltered-native language approach.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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All of the following are common criticisms of standardized tests EXCEPT


A) failing to take cultural diversity into account.
B) focusing on deficits of the individual.
C) under-estimating abilities of students from the majority culture.
D) failing to provide information useful in teaching.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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An example of an exceptionality with a highly organized subculture is


A) intellectual disability.
B) autism.
C) deafness.
D) blindness.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Identify and discuss two common misconceptions associated with multicultural education.

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Answers will vary ba...

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A group sharing a set of specific abilities or exceptionalities that are especially valued or that require special accommodation within a given subculture is called a/an


A) microcultural group.
B) ethnic group.
C) exceptionality group.
D) macrocultural group.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A recommended technique of breaking down prejudice and encouraging positive interactions among students with different characteristics is


A) peer tutoring.
B) cooperative learning.
C) immersion.
D) direct instruction.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Students who are Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual or Transgender (LGBT) are more likely than their heterosexual peers to


A) experience harassment.
B) bully others.
C) have behaviour disorders.
D) have academic difficulties.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Discuss the dilemma associated with the choice to either ignore or recognize student's differences and provide two recommendations for practices (describe them)that could help to resolve the dilemma.

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The dilemma is that either ignoring or r...

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Interpretive Exercise Michael,a nine year-old fourth grader,has been referred for special education testing.According to his teacher,Michael has difficulty following directions in class and seldom completes his assignments on time.Michael's parents,who speak only Spanish at home,request that Michael be tested in Spanish.The psychologist,however,says that testing should be done in English because that is the language spoken in school.When the tests reveal that Michael is significantly behind the national norm for 4th graders in cognitive and academic development,school personnel recommend a special education placement.Michael's parents are perplexed.At home,Michael seems like any other nine year-old.He makes friends easily and can be trusted to operate the cash register in the small grocery store that his grandparents own. -Testing Michael in Spanish would have provided more accurate information about his cognitive abilities.

A) True
B) False

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Feedback is most valuable for student learning when it is has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT


A) It is based on performance.
B) It is given frequently.
C) It is comprehensible.
D) It is corrective.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A definition of culture usually includes world views.

A) True
B) False

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