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Approximately how many people became permanent legal residents of the United States in 2011?


A) 1,062,000.
B) 854,000.
C) 720,000.
D) 251,000.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is true about migration behavior?


A) Older workers are more likely to migrate than younger workers.
B) Migrants are more likely to migrate to countries farther rather than nearer to their home country.
C) Single workers are more likely to migrate than workers with spouses and children.
D) Workers are less likely to migrate where "beaten paths" exist.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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"Backflows" occur when:


A) two countries send immigrants to each other in approximately equal numbers.
B) physical capital flows into a country that has lost labor due to migration.
C) immigrants send financial payments back to family in their country of origin.
D) migrants return to their home country.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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The existence of "beaten paths" tends to discourage immigration because of the perception that job prospects have been exhausted.

A) True
B) False

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As a result of the Great Recession of 2007-2009,illegal immigration to the United States:


A) has increased dramatically.
B) fell significantly during the recession but has increased since the recession and the illegal immigrant population is growing significantly again.
C) illegal immigration to the United States fell significantly and the net flow of illegal immigrants following the recession has been close to zero.
D) illegal immigration to the United States fell significantly,and now there is a dramatic backflow that has the total number of illegal immigrants in the United States falling.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Voluntary migration of skilled craftworkers from low-paying to high-paying nations is most likely to be opposed by:


A) business groups in the high-paying nations.
B) craft workers who stay in the low-paying nations.
C) industrial unions in the high-paying nations.
D) craft unions in the high-paying nations.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Because there are costs to migration:


A) complete wage equalization is unlikely to occur,even if national governments impose no restrictions on migration.
B) Migrants are more likely to move to countries far from their origin nation.
C) Migrant and domestic-born workers are unlikely to be substitute resources.
D) Wage equalization will only occur if migrant and domestic-born workers are complementary resources.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Welfare reform in 1996 reversed the trend of growing welfare payments to immigrants.

A) True
B) False

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