A) offering the right to a trademark, patent, trade secret, or similarly valued items of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee.
B) contracting with a foreign firm to manufacture products according to certain specifications.
C) when a foreign country and a local firm invest together to create a local business.
D) using additional parties when a firm sells its domestically produced goods in another country.
E) when a firm sells its domestically produced goods in a foreign country without intermediaries.
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Multiple Choice
A) through the gray market.
B) under the table.
C) over the counter.
D) with bypassed global channels.
E) by breaking the distribution monopoly.
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Multiple Choice
A) under the counter sales.
B) over the counter sales.
C) the gray market.
D) integrated global channels.
E) breaking the distribution monopoly.
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Multiple Choice
A) direct exporting
B) licensing
C) indirect exporting
D) joint venture
E) cooperative partnership
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Multiple Choice
A) product adaptation.
B) product invention.
C) brand adaptation.
D) product extension.
E) product integration.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) global competition.
B) acculturation.
C) free trade.
D) global branding.
E) transactional exchange
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Multiple Choice
A) bribe
B) tariff
C) subsidy
D) excise tax
E) quota
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Multiple Choice
A) what is considered normal and expected about the way people do things in a specific country.
B) those actions or activities within a community that are unique or distinctly different from any other group.
C) actions or behaviors that are repeated over time and carry a specific meaning to a unique group, nationality, or ethnicity.
D) traditions among a group of people, a nation, or ethnicity that affect their purchase behaviors.
E) what would be considered unusual or unexpected, and even unacceptable, about the way people do things in a specific country.
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Multiple Choice
A) The WTO acts as an agent in trade negotiations between its members and the remainder of the world.
B) The 179 member countries of the WTO account for less than 25 percent of world trade.
C) The WTO was formed by the major industrialized nations in 1995 to address trade issues.
D) The WTO uses panels of trade experts who can issue non-binding recommendations.
E) The WTO was formed by the United Nations.
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Multiple Choice
A) Bribes, kickbacks, and payoffs offered to entice someone to commit an illegal or improper act are deemed corrupt in some cultures but not in others.
B) The world's major exporting nations have agreed to treat bribery of foreign government officials as a violation of trade agreements.
C) Bribes paid to foreign companies is in some cases a tax-deductible expense in the U.S.
D) It is a crime for U.S. corporations to bribe an official of a foreign government or political party unless pre-approved by the Federal Trade Commission.
E) It is illegal for a U.S. corporation to bribe an official of a foreign government or political party to obtain or retain business in a foreign country.
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Multiple Choice
A) A German company allows customers to make large purchases using lay-away (paying small amounts until the item is paid for and delivered) .
B) In Brazil, an appliance maintenance firm schedules service appointments allowing only 15 minutes of leeway for missed calls or no shows.
C) In Japan, a spa owner created special exercise classes for husbands and wives.
D) In India, a popular hamburger chain separated its dining area by color for people who wanted to eat beef and those who did not.
E) Calvin Klein reduced the number of outdoor advertising placements showing scantily clad models in countries with predominantly Muslim populations.
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Multiple Choice
A) ethnocentric
B) multidomestic
C) transnational
D) global
E) international
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Multiple Choice
A) grocery stores
B) flower shops
C) beauty salons
D) department stores
E) gift stores
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Multiple Choice
A) tariff avoidance
B) countertrade
C) surplus marketing
D) underbidding
E) dumping
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) buying centers
B) Internet technology
C) language translators
D) tariff and quota policies
E) multinational marketing strategies
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Multiple Choice
A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) licensing.
D) contract manufacturing.
E) outside branding.
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Multiple Choice
A) are more similar than different regarding their purchase behaviors.
B) are becoming more similar, but still differ significantly in terms of fashion and design.
C) are rebelling against the Americanization of fashion and culture.
D) have very different tastes in fashions and music.
E) are more influenced by Asian culture than European culture
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Multiple Choice
A) Latvia
B) Greece
C) Ireland
D) Switzerland
E) England
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