Question 1

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function.
-Oxidation-reduction reactions

Accepted Answer

A)   transfer electrons from one molecule to another.
B)   increase the amount of oxygen in the cell.
C)   transfer protons from one molecule to another.
D)   are not used by living cells.
E)   reduce the amount of oxygen in the cell.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

An example (or examples) of potential energy is (are)

Accepted Answer

A)   light and chemical bonds.
B)   concentration gradients.
C)   chemical bonds and concentration gradients.
D)   chemical bonds.
E)   light.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

At chemical equilibrium

Accepted Answer

A)   there are no more products being formed.
B)   the amount of reactants is equal to the amount of products.
C)   reaction rates are in balance.
D)   there are no more reactants for the cell to utilize.
E)   no reactions are occurring in either direction.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 4

Competitive inhibition of enzymes occurs

Accepted Answer

A)   when a substance binds to an enzyme at a site away from the active site.
B)   when the product, instead of the reactant of a reaction binds to the active site.
C)   when a substance other than the substrate binds at the active site of an enzyme.
D)   when the product, or other substances, instead of the reactant, bind to the active site of the enzyme.
E)   by blocking the production of an enzyme.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1° Celsius is a

Accepted Answer

A)   joule.
B)   kilocalorie.
C)   calorie.
D)   measure of density.
E)   None of the answer choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 6

The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water is an

Accepted Answer

A)   exergonic reaction in photosynthesis.
B)   exergonic reaction in cellular respiration.
C)   endergonic reaction in photosynthesis.
D)   endergonic reaction in cellular respiration.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Figuer: 
-What is the independent variable in the figure shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   whether or not the subjects were exposed to cholera toxin
B)   the amount of fluid in the intestines
C)   whether or not the subjects were exposed to Vibrio cholera bacteria
D)   the number of defective copies of the CFTR gene in humans
E)   the number of defective copies of the CFTR gene in miceF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

If a cell has a 95% concentration of water in its cytoplasm and the environment surrounding the cell has a 90% concentration of water,water will flow

Accepted Answer

A)   into the cell by osmosis.
B)   out of the cell by active transport.
C)   out of the cell by osmosis.
D)   into the cell by active transport.
E)   into the cell by facilitated diffusion.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

When a cell "burns" food, electrons are released from chemical bonds in the food, and passed through an electron transport chain generating a proton gradient. As the protons pass through an ATPase the energy is used to generate ATP.
-Which of the following are examples of potential energy associated with our food consumption and metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)   electrons in chemical bonds of food molecules, proton gradients, and ATP molecules
B)   electrons moving through the electron transport chain, and protons moving through ATPase
C)   protons moving through ATPase by facilitated diffusion, ATP molecules
D)   All of the answer choices are correct.
E)   electrons from food molecules moving through the electron transport chain, and a proton gradientF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Simple diffusion occurs naturally as it ___ of a system.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases the kinetic energy
B)   increases the potential energy
C)   decreases the equilibrium
D)   increases the entropy
E)   All of the answer choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Cholera is a bacterial disease, in which fatal dehydration can occur due to loss of water into the intestines.  Cystic fibrosis is a human genetic disease characterized by excess mucus buildup on the linings of the lungs, making breathing difficult. Cholera acts on intestine cells to force water transport out of the cells and the body. Cystic fibrosis has an abnormal CFTR transport protein that limits water transport out of the cells and the body.
-What hypothesis was tested by researcher Sherif Gabriel and his colleagues?

Accepted Answer

A)   Does defective CFTR make people more sensitive to cholera?
B)   Does cholera causes cystic fibrosis?
C)   Does cholera increase the risk of transmission of cystic fibrosis?
D)   Does defective CFTR give people natural resistance to cholera?E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Firewood is made up of cellulose,which is a polymer of glucose molecules.When burning,heat and light are given off,indicating that a(n) ________ reaction is occurring.

Accepted Answer

A)   endergonic
B)   equilibrium
C)   exergonic
D)   potential energy
E)   kinetic energyF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Active transport is different from simple diffusion in that active transport

Accepted Answer

A)   moves molecules against a concentration gradient.
B)   All of the answer choices are correct.
C)   requires proteins embedded within the cell membrane.
D)   requires energy.
E)   moves molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

A bowl of sugar water is very stable.In a cell,however,it is rapidly broken down into carbon dioxide and water,releasing stored energy.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose becomes more chemically reactive inside of a cell.
B)   Cells use energy to break down the glucose.
C)   Glucose is only broken down while dissolving into a watery solution, such as inside the cell.
D)   Glucose cannot be broken down outside of a cell.
E)   Enzymes in the cell catalyze the breakdown of the glucose.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The process of phosphorylation

Accepted Answer

A)   adds a phosphate group to a molecule.
B)   removes a phosphate group from a molecule.
C)   may change the shape of the target molecule.
D)   All of the answer choices are correct.
E)   may energize the target molecule.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

When an end product of a reaction pathway is in excess and inhibits the first enzyme of the pathway,this is an example of positive feedback.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a specialized,more selective method of cell membrane transport than pinocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A reason that some antibiotics harm bacteria but not humans is because humans have many more cells than bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If a cell has a greater concentration of solute than its environment,the cell

Accepted Answer

A)   will not experience a net gain or loss of water.
B)   is hypertonic to the environment.
C)   will die.
D)   is isotonic to the environment.
E)   is hypotonic to the environment.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Estuaries are locations where rivers flow into oceans, with tidal shifts changing the salt concentrations. Plants and animals that live in estuaries face a dilemma in maintaining water balance inside their cells. During high tide they are in salt water, while at low tide they are in fresh water.
-At high tide a coastal plant or animal cell will be in

Accepted Answer

A)   equilibrium.
B)   osmosis.
C)   a hypertonic solution.
D)   a hypotonic solution.
E)   an isotonic solution.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 4: The Energy of Life

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Oxidation-reduction reactions

Correct Answer
verified

Active transport is different from simple diffusion in that active transport

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Firewood is made up of cellulose,which is a polymer of glucose molecules.When burning,heat and light are given off,indicating that a(n) ________ reaction is occurring.

Correct Answer
verified

Simple diffusion occurs naturally as it ___ of a system.

Correct Answer
verified

A bowl of sugar water is very stable.In a cell,however,it is rapidly broken down into carbon dioxide and water,releasing stored energy.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A reason that some antibiotics harm bacteria but not humans is because humans have many more cells than bacteria.

Correct Answer
verified

The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water is an

Correct Answer
verified

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a specialized,more selective method of cell membrane transport than pinocytosis.

Correct Answer
verified

The process of phosphorylation

Correct Answer
verified

Figuer: -What is the independent variable in the figure shown?

Correct Answer
verified

If a cell has a 95% concentration of water in its cytoplasm and the environment surrounding the cell has a 90% concentration of water,water will flow

Correct Answer
verified

Competitive inhibition of enzymes occurs

Correct Answer
verified

At chemical equilibrium

Correct Answer
verified

When an end product of a reaction pathway is in excess and inhibits the first enzyme of the pathway,this is an example of positive feedback.

Correct Answer
verified

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1° Celsius is a

Correct Answer
verified

An example (or examples) of potential energy is (are)

Correct Answer
verified

If a cell has a greater concentration of solute than its environment,the cell

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: The Energy of Life

Oxidation and reduction reactions are typically linked within a cell. They are part of most matter and energy transformations necessary for vital life function. -Oxidation-reduction reactions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Active transport is different from simple diffusion in that active transport

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Firewood is made up of cellulose,which is a polymer of glucose molecules.When burning,heat and light are given off,indicating that a(n) ________ reaction is occurring.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Simple diffusion occurs naturally as it ___ of a system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bowl of sugar water is very stable.In a cell,however,it is rapidly broken down into carbon dioxide and water,releasing stored energy.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reason that some antibiotics harm bacteria but not humans is because humans have many more cells than bacteria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water is an

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a specialized,more selective method of cell membrane transport than pinocytosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of phosphorylation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: -What is the independent variable in the figure shown?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a cell has a 95% concentration of water in its cytoplasm and the environment surrounding the cell has a 90% concentration of water,water will flow

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Competitive inhibition of enzymes occurs

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At chemical equilibrium

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When an end product of a reaction pathway is in excess and inhibits the first enzyme of the pathway,this is an example of positive feedback.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1° Celsius is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example (or examples) of potential energy is (are)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a cell has a greater concentration of solute than its environment,the cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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