Question 1

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

Accepted Answer

A)   kinetic energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work, and chemical energy is the energy of movement.
B)   kinetic energy can be converted into various forms of energy, whereas chemical energy can only be converted into heat.
C)   kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object, whereas chemical energy is the potential energy of molecules.
D)   chemical energy is a particular form of kinetic energy.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above C

Question 2

Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule releases energy?

Accepted Answer

A)   part A
B)   part B
C)   part C
D)   part DE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The process of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is

Accepted Answer

A)   osmosis.
B)   receptor-mediated endocytosis.
C)   exocytosis.
D)   phagocytosis.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following substances would have the most trouble crossing a biological membrane by diffusing through the lipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

A)   O2
B)   CO2
C)   Na+
D)   a small, nonpolar molecule such as butane (C4H10) E) B) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Membrane proteins serve as enzymes.
B)   Membrane proteins act as receptors to molecules like hormones.
C)   Membrane proteins form junctions between cells.
D)   Membrane proteins produce phospholipids.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is a coenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)   zinc
B)   vitamin B6
C)   iron
D)   iodineE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Enzymes are inorganic.
B)   An enzyme's function is unaffected by changes in pH.
C)   Enzymes catalyze specific reactions.
D)   All enzymes depend on protein cofactors to function.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

A)   energy and transport proteins; down
B)   transport proteins; down
C)   energy and transport proteins; against
D)   transport proteins; againstE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Lipase is an enzyme released by the pancreas that digests fats in the small intestine; however, lipase is also found in bacteria. Researchers examined lipase function in two species of bacteria, species X and species Y. Data regarding the activity of lipase as a function of temperature are shown below for the lipase from bacteria X (white circles)  and the lipase from bacteria Y (black circles) . Use this information to answer the following three questions.
  Lipase activity as a function of temperature.
-What can you conclude from data in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   The lipase from bacteria X is insensitive to changes in pH.
B)   Only the lipase from bacteria Y denatures at high temperatures.
C)   Bacteria X likely lives in an environment that undergoes large changes in temperature.
D)   The lipase from bacteria Y is more active than the lipase from bacteria X at 20°C.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Most of a cell's enzymes are

Accepted Answer

A)   lipids.
B)   proteins.
C)   amino acids.
D)   carbohydrates.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will

Accepted Answer

A)   lyse.
B)   experience turgor.
C)   neither gain nor lose water.
D)   shrivel.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C) A

Question 12

Many physiological conditions are related to particular proteins in cell membranes. The number of insulin receptors in membranes is related to the amount of insulin present around those cells. If the presence of increased insulin results in a decrease in receptors and a decrease in insulin results in an increase in insulin receptors, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a metabolic pathway.
B)   feedback inhibition.
C)   passive transport.
D)   competitive inhibition.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of

Accepted Answer

A)   exocytosis.
B)   passive transport.
C)   active transport.
D)   endocytosis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Membrane phospholipids

Accepted Answer

A)   have hydrophobic heads that face the center of the membrane and are shielded from water.
B)   have hydrophilic tails that face outward and are exposed to water.
C)   are able to drift about in the plasma membrane.
D)   remain fluid because they are tightly packed against one another.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing

Accepted Answer

A)   chemical energy into kinetic energy.
B)   chemical energy into potential energy.
C)   kinetic energy into potential energy.
D)   kinetic energy into thermal energy.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)   spontaneous degradation of the intracellular environment
B)   self-assembly into a simple membrane
C)   ability to form an impermeable membrane
D)   formation of a semi-solid membraneE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Heating inactivates enzymes by

Accepted Answer

A)   breaking the covalent bonds that hold the molecule together.
B)   removing phosphate groups from the enzyme.
C)   causing enzyme molecules to stick together.
D)   changing the enzyme's three-dimensional shape.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The active site of an enzyme is

Accepted Answer

A)   the region of a substrate that is changed by an enzyme.
B)   the highly changeable portion of an enzyme that adapts to fit the substrates of various reactions.
C)   the region of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate.
D)   the region of a product that detaches from the enzyme.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

Accepted Answer

A)   steroids.
B)   phospholipids.
C)   carbohydrates.
D)   proteins.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

A cell that has neither a net gain of water nor a net loss of water when it is immersed in a solution must be

Accepted Answer

A)   isotonic to its environment.
B)   hypertonic to its environment.
C)   hypotonic to its environment.D) A) and C)
E) A) and B)

Exam 5: The Working Cell

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

Correct Answer
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C

Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule releases energy?

Correct Answer
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The process of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is

Correct Answer
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Which of the following substances would have the most trouble crossing a biological membrane by diffusing through the lipid bilayer?

Correct Answer
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C

Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is a coenzyme?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?

Correct Answer
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Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires and moves a substance its concentration gradient.

Correct Answer
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Most of a cell's enzymes are

Correct Answer
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In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will

Correct Answer
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A

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Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of

Correct Answer
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Membrane phospholipids

Correct Answer
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Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing

Correct Answer
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Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

Correct Answer
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Heating inactivates enzymes by

Correct Answer
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The active site of an enzyme is

Correct Answer
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The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

Correct Answer
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A cell that has neither a net gain of water nor a net loss of water when it is immersed in a solution must be

Correct Answer
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Exam 5: The Working Cell

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule releases energy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following substances would have the most trouble crossing a biological membrane by diffusing through the lipid bilayer?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a coenzyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of a cell's enzymes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Membrane phospholipids

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which characteristic promoted the utilization of lipids as the first cell membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heating inactivates enzymes by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The active site of an enzyme is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The molecules responsible for membrane transport are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell that has neither a net gain of water nor a net loss of water when it is immersed in a solution must be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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C

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Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires and moves a substance its concentration gradient.

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A

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